Anorectal malformations

Nature Reviews Disease Primers, Published online: 21 November 2024; doi:10.1038/s41572-024-00574-2
Anorectal malformations (ARM) span a spectrum of rare congenital anomalies of the anus and rectum, ranging from a minimally displaced anal canal to a complete fusion of the anorectum, vagina and urethra with hypoplastic sphincter and pelvic floor muscle. This Primer summarizes the epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis and management of ARM.